Ubhubhane seluguqule umhlaba.Emhlabeni wonke, ohulumeni bawo wonke amazwe babhekene nezinselele ezinkulu ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni ubhubhane.Phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVID-19, i-China isezigabeni ezine zohlaka lokuvimbela nokusabela (ukuvimbela, ukutholwa, ukulawula kanye Nokhiye wempumelelo uboniswa ekwelashweni).Futhi ngokusebenzisa abezindaba kanye nosizo lwezokwelapha ukusabalalisa ulwazi lwaseChina emhlabeni jikelele.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi ezifana nenkolo, intando yeningi, imikhuba yesifunda, kanye nokuguqulwa kwegciwane, ubhubhane lomhlaba wonke alulawulwa kahle, futhi inani lamacala aqinisekisiwe nokufa likhuphuke kakhulu.
Ngemva kokungena ngoMashi 2021, ubhadane lomhlaba wonke olwaluzinzile kancane kancane, ngenxa yebhomu lesikhathi eNdiya, laqhuma futhi!Ngendlela, umqhele omusha womhlaba wonke ulethwe kugagasi lesithathu lobhubhane.Ngokwemininingwane ekhishwe yiWorld Health Organisation, kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, isibalo samacala amasha e-India sikhuphuke cishe ngokulinganayo, futhi sedlule ngokusemthethweni kuma-400,000 ngesikhathi sama-26 sendawo.Futhi ngenani eliphelele lamacala aqinisekisiwe ayizigidi eziyi-1.838, ibe yindawo yesibili ethinteke kakhulu emhlabeni ngemuva kwe-United States.

Kodwa lokhu akuzona zonke izimo, ngoba izinga elihle lokuhlola likhuphuke kakhulu, lafinyelela ku-20.3% kusukela ngo-Ephreli 26. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukutheleleka kunyukile.Ngokwesisekelo sokuthi isibalo sabantu abahloliwe asinyukanga, isibalo esikhulu kakhulu sabantu abanaleli gciwane alinawo amathuba okutholakala.Idatha eveziwe okwamanje iyisihloko nje se-iceberg.

Ubhubhane lwegciwane elisha lomqhele bekulokhu kuyinkemba yamaDamocles ilenga phezu kwamakhanda abantu, futhi okunganqanda ngempumelelo ubhubhane ukutholwa.Ukuhlolwa komqhele okusha ekuqaleni kwasebenzisa inkundla yobuchwepheshe bemolekyuli ukuthola i-nucleic acid yaleli gciwane, kodwa manje isishintsha kancane ukusebenzisa iplatifomu yegolide ye-colloidal ukuthola iphrotheni ye-antigen yaleli gciwane.Okubalulekile isidingo sangempela semakethe.
Umlando wezinguquko ekuhlolweni komqhele omusha emhlabeni jikelele
Isikhathi sokutholwa kwe-Nucleic acid
Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 usunesikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ukhona, kanti umbiko wocwaningo lwe-WHO uthe usazoqhubeka nokuphazamisa izinsiza zezempilo eziyisisekelo emazweni angama-90%.Noma ngabe amazwe asethuthuke kangakanani futhi asethuthuke kangakanani, uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lukahulumeni kanye nezikhungo zesayensi ezingochwepheshe ezakhiwe ngaphambili zibe negalelo empumelelweni yangaphambi kwesikhathi.Amazwe anekhono njenge-United States, Germany, kanye ne-Italy atshale izindleko ezinkulu zezimali ezibhedlela ze-square cabin, Ilabhorethri yamangqamuzana yakhelwe ukuthuthukisa amakhono okubona, yamukela amasu asebenzayo okuphatha phakathi kwasebekhulile, futhi yasebenzisa ngempumelelo amakhono anele ezibhedlela.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwanda kwenani leziguli kanye nokusabalala okuphelele kwe-coronavirus entsha, umthamo wesibhedlela ugcwele ngokweqile.
Amazwe athuthukile amatasa kakhulu ukuba azinakekele, kuyilapho amazwe asathuthuka ecindezelwa kakhulu yizizathu zezimali zezwe futhi engakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwendawo yonke ngesikhathi.I-WHO ibahlinzeka ngosizo lobuchwepheshe, ukuqeqeshwa okubonakalayo, okokusebenza kanye nezinsiza zokuthuthukisa amakhono okuhlola emhlabeni jikelele.Isibonelo, lapho i-COVID-19 iqala ukubonakala, iSomalia yayingenawo amandla okuhlola amangqamuzana, kodwa ekupheleni kuka-2020, iSomalia inezindawo zokucwaninga eziyisi-6 ezingenza lokho kuhlola.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akukakwazi ukuhlangabezana nomgomo wokuhlolwa kwawo wonke umuntu.Ngalesi sikhathi, imibi yokutholwa kwe-nucleic acid ibonakala:

*Izindleko zinkulu-izindleko eziphezulu zokwakha ilabhorethri, ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi, izinto zaselabhorethri, izinto ezisebenzayo zokuhlola nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.Lezi zindleko sezivele zelulile izinhlelo zezokwelapha zamazwe amaningi athuthukile, futhi amazwe aneholo eliphansi neliphakathi ngeke akwazi ukuzikhokhela.

*Ukusebenza kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside.Yize ilabhorethri yamangqamuzana ye-POCT isivele ivele, isikhathi esimaphakathi selabhorethri evamile ye-RT-pcr ukukhiqiza imiphumela cishe amahora angu-2.5, futhi umbiko ngokuyisisekelo kufanele utholwe ngakusasa.

*Ilabhorethri'indawo yezwe ikhawulelwe futhi ayikwazi ukuhlanganisa zonke izindawo.
*Ukwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka-ngakolunye uhlangothi, abasebenzi bezokwelapha abahlolayo bazokwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, futhi ukungcoliswa kwaselabhorethri kuzoshintsha amanye amasampula abe yizimpawu ezingamanga futhi kubangele ukwethuka;ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu kufanele baye esibhedlela ukuze benze izivivinyo ze-accounting.Cishe kwanda ukuthintana neziguli ezine-positive noma i-incubation period, futhi ingozi yokutheleleka kubantu abanempilo iyanda.

Isikhathi esifushane sokuhlolwa kwe-antibody
Eqinisweni, ezigabeni zokuqala zalolu bhubhane, wonke umuntu wayezama ukwehlisa izindleko zokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19, kanye nokwenza izindlela zokuhlola zibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe umsebenzi wabasebenzi bezokwelapha.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola amasosha omzimba kuyindlela yokuthola eshesha kakhulu engase isetshenziswe kuplathifomu yegolide ye-colloidal.ukukhulelwa.Kepha ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kuyimpendulo ye-serological immune immune ngemuva kokuthi umzimba womuntu utheleleke nge-coronavirus entsha, i-immunoglobulin IgM antibody ivela kuqala, ekhiqizwa cishe ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-7;bese kuvela ama-antibody e-IgG, akhiqizwa cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-15.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, amasosha omzimba e-IgM akhiqizwa kusenesikhathi.Uma sezithelelekile, zikhiqizwa ngokushesha, zigcinwe isikhathi esifushane, futhi zinyamalale ngokushesha.Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile kungasetshenziswa njengenkomba yokutheleleka kusenesikhathi.Amasosha omzimba e-IgG akhiqizwa sekwephuzile, ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi anyamalale kancane.Ukuhlolwa okuhle egazini kungasetshenziswa njengenkomba yokutheleleka kanye nokutheleleka kwangaphambilini.

Nakuba ukutholwa kwe-antibody kuxazulula ezinye zezinkinga zokutholwa kwe-nucleic acid, kuthatha isikhathi esithile sokufukamela ukuthi i-antigen ingene emzimbeni ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa kwe-IgM ne-IgG.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-IgM ne-IgG ayikwazi ukutholwa ku-serum, futhi kunenkathi yewindi.Ukutholwa kwe-antibody kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukuhlolwa okungeziwe noma ukuhlolwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-nucleic acid ezigulini ezisolwayo ezinemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid engemihle.

Njengoba ukuhlanzeka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-antigen kufinyelela ezingeni kanye namandla okukhiqiza akhona, ukutholwa kwe-antigen sekuqalile ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba kuyafana nokutholwa kwe-nucleic acid yokuthola amagciwane amasha e-coronavirus futhi asikho isikhathi sewindi.

Isikhathi sokutholwa kwe-antigen (Ukusetshenziswa Okuphrofeshinali).

Ngemuva kokuqubuka okuningana nokuguqulwa kwe-coronavirus entsha, ingaba yigciwane elihlala nabantu isikhathi eside njengomkhuhlane.Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo emisha yokuhlolwa kwe-antigen yomqhele isiphenduke "intandokazi entsha" yemakethe ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okulula, imiphumela esheshayo, kanye nentengo ephansi.Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komkhiqizo, isitifiketi se-CE kuphela esidingekayo ekuqaleni.Kamuva, amazwe aseYurophu amukele kancane kancane ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen yomqhele njengendlela yokuqala yokuhlola, futhi ukusebenza komkhiqizo kuye kwaqiniswa.Iminyango yezokwelapha nezempilo yaseJalimane, i-United Kingdom, iBelgium, iSwitzerland kanye namanye amazwe yethule amalabhorethri okuqala ezingxenye ezintathu aqinisekisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo wabakhiqizi abahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele futhi anikeze izimvume ezikhethekile.

▼Isithombe-skrini sengxenye yokugunyazwa okukhethekile kwe-German Bfarm
▼I-PEI yesiJalimane
▼Ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen esheshayo yase-Belgium (ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe) izithombe-skrini zesigaba sokugunyazwa okukhethekile
Yiqiniso, ukutholwa kwama-antigens omqhele amasha empeleni kungenziwa ezisekelweni ezimbili, eyodwa i-immunochromatography, okuyilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi i-colloidal gold, esebenzisa izinhlayiya zegolide ukugoqa i-antigen antibody;enye i-immunofluorescence, esebenzisa i-latex.Ama-Microspheres afaka i-antigen nama-antibody.Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe be-immunochromatography, izindleko zemikhiqizo ye-immunofluorescence ziphezulu.

1. Kudingeka umfundi owengeziwe we-fluorescent ukuze kuhunyushwe.

2. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zezinhlayiya ze-latex zibiza kakhulu kunezinhlayiya zegolide

Inhlanganisela ye-Reader iphinde ikhulise ubunkimbinkimbi bokusebenza kanye nezinga lokungasebenzi kahle, okungebona ubungane kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile.

Ukutholwa kwe-antigen yegolide entsha ye-Colloidal ekugcineni kuzoba ukukhetha ukonga kakhulu emakethe!
Umbhali: Do Laimeng K