“Izidakamizwa ze-Nucleic acid” zisebenzisa i-“nucleic acid,” ebhekisela ezintweni ezinjenge-DNA ne-RNA ezilawula ukwaziswa kofuzo, njengezidakamizwa.Lokhu kuvumela ukuqondiswa kwama-molecule afana ne-mRNA ne-miRNA engakwazi ukuqondiswa ngezidakamizwa zendabuko ezinesisindo esiphansi semolekyuli nemithi elwa namasosha omzimba, futhi kukhona okulindelekile kule mithi njengemithi yesizukulwane esilandelayo.Ucwaningo olusebenzayo lwenziwa emhlabeni jikelele njengoba kulindeleke ukuthi luholele ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa ebezingalawuleki phambilini.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuye kwavezwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa ze-nucleic acid kunezinkinga okufanele zinqobe, okuhlanganisa “(i) ukungazinzi kwama-nucleic acid molecule emzimbeni,” “(ii) ukukhathazeka ngokusabela okubi kwezidakamizwa,” kanye “nobunzima (iii) ohlelweni lokulethwa kwezidakamizwa (DDS).”Futhi, izinkampani zaseJapane ziyizinyathelo ezingemuva ekuthuthukisweni kwezidakamizwa ze-nucleic acid ngenxa yokugunyazwa kwamalungelo obunikazi abusayo e-nucleic acid yizinkampani zase-Europe nase-US, okubangela ukuphazamiseka ekuthuthukisweni kwamaJapane.
Izici zezidakamizwa ze-nucleic acid
"Izidakamizwa ze-Nucleic acid" ubuchwepheshe bokuthola izidakamizwa besizukulwane esilandelayo obunomshini wokusebenza ohluke ngokuphelele kunemikhiqizo yemithi yendabuko.Iphinde ifake nekhono lokwenziwa kalula kuma-molecule anosayizi omaphakathi kanye namandla okubonisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha okudlula lezo zemithi elwa namasosha omzimba.Ngenxa yalezi zici, kulindelwe ukuthi imishanguzo ye-nucleic acid isetshenziswe emdlavuzeni nasezifweni zofuzo obekunzima ukuyelapha phambilini, kanye nasezifweni ezinjengomkhuhlane kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ze-nucleic acid
Isidakamizwa se-Nucleic acid esisebenzisa i-DNA ne-RNA sihlanganisa lezo eziqondise ama-nucleic acid esigabeni lapho amaprotheni ahlanganiswa asuka ku-genome DNA (njenge-mRNA ne-miRNA) kanye nalawo aqondise amaprotheni.
Izinhlobo nezici zezidakamizwa ze-nucleic acid (izidakamizwa ze-prophylaxis nokwelashwa)
Kunezidakamizwa ze-nucleic acid ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene nezici ngokusho kwezinhloso nezindlela zokwenza.
| Uhlobo | Ithagethi | Indawo yokwenza | Indlela yokwenza | Isifinyezo |
| siRNA | mRNA | Ngaphakathi kweseli (cytoplasm) | Ukushintsha kwe-mRNA | I-RNA enemicu ekabili ene-mRNA ehlukanisiwe ku-ukulandelana (i-siRNA), i-hairpin enomucu owodwa i-RNA (shRNA), njll.ngomphumela ngokomgomo we-RNAi |
| miRNA | i-microRNA | Ngaphakathi kweseli (cytoplasm) | Ukushintshwa kwe-microRNA | I-RNA enemicu ekabili, i-miRNA ye-hairpin enomucu owodwa we-RNAnoma ukulingisa kwayo kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa umsebenzi we-miRNA wonakalangeziyaluyalu |
| I-Antisense | mRNA miRNA | Ngaphakathi kweseli (ku-nucleus, i-cytoplasm) | I-mRNA kanye ne-miRNA degradation, ukuvinjelwa kwe-splicing | I-RNA/DNA enomucu owodwa ebophezela ku-mRNA eqondiwekanye ne-miRNA ukudala ukuwohloka noma ukuvinjelwa,noma yenza ukweqa i-exon lapho ihlanganisa |
| I-Aptamer | Amaprotheni (amaprotheni angaphandle kwamaseli) | Ngaphandle kweseli | Ukuvinjelwa okusebenzayo | I-RNA/DNA enomucu owodwa ebophezela kuphrotheni eqondiwengendlela efanayo nama-antibodies/DNA |
| I-Decoy | Amaprotheni (isici sokuloba) | Ngaphakathi kweseli (ku-nucleus) | Ukuvinjwa kokubhala | I-DNA enemicu ekabili elandelanayo efanayo endaweni ebophayonge-transcription factor, ebophezela ku-transcription factoryofuzo oluthintekile ukucindezela isakhi sofuzo esiqondiwe |
| I-Ribozyme | I-RNA | Ngaphakathi kweseli (cytoplasm) | Ukushintsha kwe-RNA | I-RNA enomucu owodwa enomsebenzi we-enzyme wokubopha nokuhlukanisaye-RNA ehlosiwe |
| CpG i-oligo | Amaprotheni (ama-receptor) | Indawo yeseli | I-Immunopotentiation | I-Oligodeoxynucleotide ene-CpG motif (i-DNA enomucu owodwa) |
| Okunye | - | - | - | Isidakamizwa se-Nucleic acidngaphandle kwalezo ezibalwe ngenhla azenzayenza kusebenze ukungatheleleki kwemvelo, okufana ne-PolyI:PolyC (i-RNA enemicu ekabili)kanye ne-antigen |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-25-2023
