Ngokwemibiko ebanzi, kuze kube manje, ukutheleleka nge-monkeypox sekusakazekele emazweni angu-15 angaphandle kwe-Afrika, okuvusa ukuqapha nokukhathazeka kwamazwe angaphandle.Ingabe igciwane lemonkeypox lingashintsha?Ingabe kuzoba nokuqubuka okukhulu?Ingabe umuthi wokugomela ingxibongo usasebenza ngempumelelo ekutheleleni inkawu?
1. Yini inkawu?
I-Monkeypox yisifo se-viral zoonotic esatholakala endaweni yezinkawu zezilwane zaselabhorethri ngo-1958, ikakhulukazi emazweni amahlathi emvula asenkabeni nasentshonalanga ye-Afrika.
Kunezigaba ezimbili zegciwane lemonkeypox, i-West African clade kanye ne-Congo Basin (Central Africa) clade.Icala lokuqala lomuntu lokutheleleka nge-monkeypox latholakala e-Congo (DRC) ngo-1970.
ISITHOMBE: Isithombe se-electron microscope sango-2003 esivela e-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sibonisa izinhlayiyana zegciwane lemonkeypox.
2. Ithelelana kanjani inkawu?
I-monkeypox ingasakazekaumsebenzi wocansi, uketshezi lomzimba, ukuthintana kwesikhumba, amaconsi okuphefumula, nomaukuthintana nezinto ezitheleleke ngegciwane njengezokulala nezingubo.
I-monkeypox ingasakazwa futhiukuthintana nezilwane ezinegciwane njengezinkawu, amagundane nezingwejeje.
3. Yiziphi izimpawu zemfene?
Imonkeypox ikhiqiza ukuqubuka okuqala njengendawo eyisicaba, ebomvu ephakama futhi igcwale ubomvu.Abantu abanaleli gciwane baphinde babe nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.
Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini eziyisi-6 kuya kweziyi-13 ngemuva kokutheleleka, kodwa kungathatha amasonto amathathu.Lesi sifo singahlala amasonto amabili kuya kwamane, kanti amacala amabi avame ukwenzeka ezinganeni, ngokusho kwe-WHO.
4. Lingakanani izinga lokufa kwenkawu?
Nakuba i-pathogenicity yokutheleleka komuntu nge-monkeypox virus ingaphansi kwegciwane layo elifanayo, i-variola virus, isengaholela ekufeni,ngezinga lokufa lika-1% -10%.Kuze kube manje, akukho ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalesi sifo.
ISITHOMBE: UMqondisi-Jikelele we-WHO u-Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.Isithombe sentatheli ye-China News Agency uPeng Dawei
5. Mangaki amacala akhona kulo nyaka?
UMqondisi-Jikelele we-WHO uTedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus uthe ngomhlaka-22 ukuthi inkawu isisabalele emazweni ayi-15 angaphandle kwe-Afrika.Angaphezu kuka-80 amacala aqinisekisiwe eYurophu, e-United States, eCanada, e-Australia nase-Israel.
Isikhungo sase-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sithe ngomhla zingama-23 siphenya amacala amane okusolakala ukuthi anenkawu, wonke okungabesilisa nahlobene nokuhamba.E-Europe, i-UK Health and Safety Authority yakhipha isitatimende ngosuku olufanayo ukuthi kwakunamacala amasha angama-36 e-monkeypox eNgilandi, icala lokuqala le-monkeypox latholakala eScotland, futhi inani eliphelele lamacala ezweni lenyuka laya ku-57.
6. Ingabe kuzoba nokuqubuka okukhulu kwenkawu?
I-New York Times ikholelwa ukuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, inkawu ayiholeli ekuqubukeni kwezinga elikhulu.Ukugqashuka okubi kakhulu e-United States kwenzeka ngo-2003, lapho inqwaba yamacala ayexhunyaniswa nokuchayeka ezinjeni ezinamagciwane nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.
Izigameko eziningi kulo nyaka zenzeke ezinsizweni.U-Heiman, uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo ze-WHO, uveze ukuthi ubhubhane lwamanje lwe-monkeypox emazweni ahlukahlukene "luyisenzakalo esingahleliwe", futhi umzila oyinhloko wokudlulisela lesi sikhathi ungase uhlotshaniswe nobulili obungaphephile emaphathini amabili abanjwe eSpain naseBelgium.
7. Ingabe inkawu iyashintsha?
AbakwaReuters bacaphune uLewis, inhloko "yonobhala be-smallpox" ye-WHO ethi ngomhlaka-23 ukuthiabukho ubufakazi bokuthi igciwane lemonkeypox selishintshile, futhi waveza ukuthi amathuba okuthi igciwane liguquke aphansi.
Isazi sezifo eziwumshayabhuqe we-WHO, uVan Kerkhove, siphinde sathi amacala asanda kusolwa futhi aqinisekisiwe eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika awabucayi, futhi isimo samanje siyalawuleka.
IZITHOMBE: Izithombe zesibonakhulu se-electron ezihlinzekwe yi-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention zibonisa igciwane lemonkeypox elikhulile (kwesokunxele) kanye nama-virion angavuthiwe (kwesokudla).
8. Ingabe umuthi wokugomela ingxibongo ungavimbela ukutheleleka kwemonkeypox?
Ngokusho kwe-BBC, umuthi wokugomela ingxibongo ubonakale unamandla angama-85% ekuvimbeleni inkawu futhi usasetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi.
URena McIntyre, usosayensi wezifo ezithathelwanayo eNyuvesi yaseNew South Wales e-Australia, naye uthe ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi ukumiswa okukhulu kokugonyelwa ingxibongo sekuyiminyaka engama-40 kuye kwengama-50, amandla okuvikela amasosha omzimba omgomo wengxibongo anciphile, okungenzeka ukuthi yimbangela yobhubhane lwenkawu.imbangela yokwanda.Weluleke iziphathimandla ukuthi zihlonze abathintwayo abahlobene neziguli zenkawu bese zibagomela uvuvu.
9. Amazwe amaningi asabela kanjani?
Isikhulu se-CDC uMcQueston sathi ngomhla zingama-23 le nhlangano ihlinzeka ngenqwaba yemithi yokugomela ingxibongo, futhi izobeka phambili ukuxhumana neziguli zemonkeypox, abasebenzi bezokwelapha kanye namaqembu asengozini enkulu angase abe namacala anzima.I-UK Health Security Agency nayo incoma umuthi wokugomela ingxibongo emaqenjini asengozini enkulu.
UFreitas, umqondisi we-General Directorate of Health ePortugal, uphakamise ukuthi abantu abangenwe yileli gciwane kanye nabantu abasondelene nabo kumele bahlukaniswe futhi bangabelani ngezimpahla zokugqoka nezinto nabanye.IBelgium igunyaze ukuvalelwa yedwa izinsuku ezingama-21 kwamacala okutheleleka nge-monkeypox.
IRobert Koch Institute, inhlangano elawula izifo eJalimane, yenza ucwaningo ngezincomo zokunqanda ubhubhane, okuhlanganisa nokuthi kuyanconywa yini ukuhlukanisa amacala aqinisekisiwe kanye nokuxhumana okuseduze, nokuthi ubani otuswa ukuthi agonyelwe ingxibongo.
10. Ungazithatha kanjani izinyathelo zokuphepha?
I-WHO incoma ukuthi noma yikuphi ukugula ngesikhathi sohambo lokuya noma lapho ubuya ezindaweni ezinamagciwane, kufanele kubikwe kochwepheshe bezempilo.
I-WHO iphinde igcizelele ukubaluleka kokuqaphela inhlanzeko yezandla ngensipho namanzi noma isibulali-magciwane esisekelwe etshwaleni.
11. Indlela yokuthola?
Imonkeypox ibangelwa ikakhulukazi amaconsi okuphefumula kanye nokuthintana nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, ngakho-ke indlela engcono kakhulu yokuyibona ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR nucleic acid efana kakhulu nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.I-COVID 19.Sebenzisa ikhithi yokuthola i-monkeypox virus nucleic acid (indlela ye-PCR-fluorescent probe).
Igciwane lemonkeypox yigciwane elibangela isifo semonkeypox kubantu nasezilwaneni.
I-Monkeypox virus i-Orthopoxvirus, i-genus yomndeni we-Poxviridae equkethe enye igciwane.
izinhlobo ezihlose izilwane ezincelisayo.Leli gciwane litholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zamahlathi emvula amaphakathi nendawo
eNtshonalanga Afrika.Umzila oyinhloko wokutheleleka kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuxhumana nezilwane ezinegciwane noma
uketshezi lwazo lomzimba.I-genome ayihlukanisiwe futhi iqukethe i-molecule eyodwa yomugqa
I-DNA enemicu ekabili, ama-nucleotide angu-185000 ubude.
Isinyathelo sokutholwa sendlela ye-PCR-fluorescent probe emakethe imvamisa ukukhipha nokuhlanza i-DNA yegciwane lemonkeypox, bese kwenzelwa ukusabela kwe-PCR.Uma kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-Foregene be-Direct PCR ehamba phambili, izinyathelo eziyisicefe zokukhipha i-DNA yemonkeypox zingashiywa, futhi i-DNA esegciwaneni lemonkeypox ingakhishwa ngokuqondile i-ejenti yokukhululwa kwesampula, futhi ukusabela kwe-PCR kungenziwa ngokuqondile.Elula futhi esheshayo!
Imikhiqizo ehlobene:
I-IVD Raw material:
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-27-2022
